Muslims call their religion Islam, as Allah named it, and the Arabic word Islam implies "the attainment of peace through submission to Allah". The word Muslims is an adjective derived form the noun Islam, and implies "one who has peace within himself from his submission to Allah".

Muslims believe in the One External God, Who created the heavens and the earth and all that exists. In Arabic, God is called "Allah". There is absolutely no difference between Allah and the God of Abraham, Moses and Jesus (peace be upon them all). Muslims do not believe that the Prophet Muhammad was the only Prophet, rather they believe that he was the last of the Prophets. Muslims acknowledge and respect the prophets of the Old and New Testaments. The Holy Quran is the revealed and sacred scripture of Islam, and it teaches: "Say (O Muslims). We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and that which Moses and Jesus received, and that which the Prophets received from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them and unto Him have we surrendered." [2:136].